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HD
video
formats - recording and editing
With
the number of HD video enabled cameras being introduced increasing
at a fast rate you'd be forgiven for thinking that this must mean
that capturing and editing such video is now easy, and well within
the capabilities of most users and their computers. Sadly this is
not the case and could well be the cause of much disappointment when
this fact is discovered.
The
main file format used for HD video is AVCHD. This has been developed
by Sony & Panasonic and is based around the H.264 codec also
known as MPEG4 AVC or MPEG4 part 10. Many current HD video
capable cameras, camcorders or digicam/DSLR's, use this because it's
highly efficient at squeezing good quality video into the least
possible space. This means it's ideal for getting the maximum
recording time on HD drives and memory cards. However the downside
is that this type of compression is harder to edit than the older
frame-based video formats such as Mini DV, MPEG2, etc.
Generally
MPEG4, (and unlike MPEG2 it's not just one specification but a
number of individual one's all classed under the MPEG4 banner), is
designed to produce better video than MPEG2 in less space, roughly
half. This sounds wonderful, but the problem is the hardware
requirements needed both to play video back, and particularly to
edit it. Whilst many computers these days have specifications which
allow for the fairly easy editing of Mini DV and MPEG2 video this
doesn't apply to AVCHD, which needs 2-4x times the processing
capabilities, and often still isn't enough.
We
have seen reports that suggest that as a result even those with
fairly highly specified systems, (a Quad core system with 6Gb ram, 64bit Vista, and a HDD
raid array can't really be called an 'average' computer
specification even these days), find editing AVCHD format video a bit of a
struggle. Others have just given up in disgust. One, after having
his high spec Mac laptop take 36 hours to render a 90 min HD movie,
has stated he won't touch HD video again.
So be warned, if you want a camera
with HD video capabilities you may find your computer spec when
undertaking editing takes you back to the good old days of early
photo and video editing where you went away and did other things whilst the
computer struggled to undertake the tasks assigned to it. And although
most current new video editing applications offer AVCHD editing
options it seems that which one you choose to use is vital in this
respect, with some performing far better and with greater speed and
ease than others.
It's interesting to note that Pentax have used the older motion-jpeg
(mpeg) file format in their new K7 HD video enabled DSLR
rather than AVCHD, as indeed have Nikon
with their D5000 and Olympus with the E-P1. The downside is that
you need bigger storage space because you get less video footage per Gb. The
upside is that editing is much quicker and easier with a wider range
of editing suites and lower
specified computer systems which form the majority of those in use
today, dual-core, single HDD, 32bit O/s systems with perhaps 2-3Gb
ram. A reasonable spec these days and quite sufficient for most
digital photo needs, but lacking perhaps when AVCHD video of either
1080p or 720p resolution is
involved. .
Pentax
K7 - another DSLR with HD video
After
a lot of rumour and speculation which has been
on-going for some considerable time Pentax have finally revealed the
new DSLR about which there has been all the conjecture, the K7. This
camera, which is destined to replace the current K20D, is stated as
being the start of a new series with an as yet un-named replacement
for the K200D apparently due at some stage.
Perhaps
the most noteworthy points are that it is smaller than the
K10D/K20D, reflecting the current trend back to smaller cameras
again after a period where many have increased in size and weight, being almost as small in height and width as the original
ist-D, but fatter and squarer, and has been fitted with HD video
capture, the 720p variety, although at 30fps and saved as motion
jpeg rather than AVCHD. Beside this there have
been a whole raft of detail changes at just about every level and it
does seem to be a 'new' camera in most respects as opposed to a
refreshed or upgraded model as the K20D was compared to the
K10D. The
fitment of a larger 3" high resolution 920,000 dot LCD in combination with
the smaller size has seen a complete re-design of many of the
controls and hard button placements, and for current Pentax
K10D/K20D users who upgrade will probably take some getting used to.
Going
through the control layout the most significant changes are that the
multi-way controller has finally been dumped in favour of individual
buttons along with the ditching of the large AF point selection
wheel, a much smaller one now surrounding the AF button. The only omission we could
find, if you could call it that, is that there is no longer a
dedicated anti-shake sensor button/slider switch, anti-shake now being turned
on/off through the main camera menu.
We
don't quite know what the significance of this is, whether it
indicates Pentax think the system should just really be left 'on'
all the time as the default, because diving into the menu to
engage/disengage it seems a bit weird, and
counter-productive to quick and easy picture taking in just the same
way that using the main menu to change metering pattern or AF point
with some other cameras can be. We'll
admit we tend to leave the IS on our Canon telephoto lenses switched
on all the time now as even at high enough shutter speeds a small
benefit in respect of sharpness still seems to accrue, but we're not
sure this is truly applicable to the shorter focal length lenses,
and of course a considerable 'hit' is taken as regards battery power
drain when any form of IS is used resulting in less shots per
charge. However the K7 also has a new and larger capacity battery
pack which could well offset the extra power drain/strain that the
new features such as HD video will impose.
There
seems to be a lot of good points with regard to the K7, and the fact
it's acquired a magnesium alloy body in addition to the stainless
steel inner chassis and body sealing puts it firmly in the Canon
50D/Nikon D300 league. And that's where the downside appears,
because the price has risen to match those cameras. At roughly double
the cost of the current K20D at around £1300 with a
standard DA 18-55mm WR lens it might not sell as well, although if
the revised specifications and improved processing work, (there's
new 4 channel readout from the sensor as well as other things), it
might just prove to be a winner.
As
always a good performance in respect of image quality can offset
high cost, but a poor one can't, no matter how good the general
specifications of a camera are, so it will be interesting to see how the Pentax K7
scores in this respect.
Update
- It now seems that after producing some pre-production K7's
which were distributed to magazines/websites etc for evaluation and review
purposes Pentax have chosen to fit production cameras with a
modified sensor. There is no real indication as to whether the original
K7 sensors were to the same specification as those used in the K20D or
not. Planned reviews have now been put on hold until such times as
Pentax deliver the new sensor specification cameras to allow for
revised and updated tests to be carried out.
This
sensor revision poses big questions and means
there's still no clear idea as to whether the camera will manage to
equal the image quality that others can reach, or beat them. At this late stage
it indicates that either a significant problem
has been encountered somewhere which impinges badly on image
performance which had not shown up before, or an adjustment can improve it to a
really marked degree, and enough to justify this action before
production proper starts. This could be vital considering the much
higher cost of the K7 compared to the current K20D.
New
Pentax 18-55mm & 50-200mm WR lenses
To
match the new K7 and the other weather sealed/resistant DSLR's
Pentax have made to date two new WR versions of the standard 18-55mm
and 50-200mm lenses have been announced. This seems a sensible move although we aren't quite sure if these are meant to replace the
current offerings or just compliment them. Cheaper basic versions -
plastic mount & no manual focus 'quick shift' - are of course
already made to be sold in the Pentax K-m DSLR single & double
lens kits, (they aren't available separately).
We don't know what
the UK prices will be but in USD's these WR lenses are $199 and $249
respectively. This may seem on the expensive side when compared to
similar offerings from other makers but when you realize they have
metal mounts, the 'quick-shift' system, come with dedicated lens
hoods, and of course have that WR sealing besides the markings for
focal length and focused distance then they look to be better value.
This is especially so as for many users a pair of lenses like these,
plus perhaps a macro lens in some cases, is all most really find
they need or want to cover most picture taking situations that they
face.
Sony
A230/330/380 DSLR's
The
steady release of new DSLR camera announcements that started weeks
after the PMA show finished has been continued by Sony, who have revealed
updated models to replace the current A200/300/350 designs. Most
comments to date have tended to concentrate on the fact that the
core specifications remain unchanged, the A230 having 10.2mp, the
A330 adding quick-view and articulated rear LCD, and the A380
gaining a higher resolution 14.2mp sensor, and whilst this is correct it
tends to overshadow the fact that some quite substantial changes
have been made in some areas.
The
almost identical bodies - the main difference is the articulated
rear screen - are both smaller and lighter than the current
A200/300/350, with much fewer 'hard access'
buttons, and are quite different in styling and design. Like the
Pentax K7 there is now no anti-shake on/off slider switch, but they
have gained an on/off camera switch around the shutter button similar to
the designs used by both Pentax and Nikon on their DSLR's. Sony have
stated that the cameras have been designed to appeal to first-time
DSLR users and the re-styled design and simplified layout would certainly
attest to that.
Apart
from the re-designed bodies image processing has been improved,
and an early review of a A380 would seem to indicate that there has been
some small measure of improvement in image quality. Four
new better 'standard'
lens designs using all-plastic construction and with
improved autofocus, which Sony have termed 'SAM' (Smooth
Autofocus Motor), have
been introduced to go with them. They are 18-55mm, 55-200mm, 50mm, and 35mm macro.
For
current Sony users perhaps the most telling departure is that
support for Compactflash has been dropped in favour of SD/MS slots, and
none of the cameras feature a movie mode although they all have HDMI
ports. Sony obviously feel that current A200/300/350 owners won't be
tempted to move to them and would look at the A700/A900 or their
replacements instead. Indeed rumours of a video enabled 17mp
replacement for the A700 have been around for a while, and a video
enabled DSLR of some kind must surely been on the cards at some
stage, given the others that have appeared from other makers.
As
with many other DSLR's these cameras seem to be mostly a case of evolution
rather than revolution and as we have also stated before is no bad
thing when the basics are okay. Currently Sony stand third in DSLR
sales behind the big 'two', Canon & Nikon, which shows that
their DSLR range hits the right note as regards overall
specification, performance, and price. Fighting shy of fitting even the
A380 with HD video could also been seen as a sensible move given as
nobody is quite sure as to how useful or wanted it actually is. Just
because a few demand something or think it's a wonderful addition
doesn't necessarily mean the majority of the buying public does, or
is willing to spend the extra to get it.
Olympus
E-P1 micro 4/3rds camera isn't EVIL at all
Some
considerable time after the announcement of the mirror-less micro
4/3rds interchangeable lens mount standard and the arrival of the
first cameras to use this, Panasonic's G1 and GH1, comes the
official news of the first Olympus camera to be made using this
format, the E-P1.
Unlike
the Panasonic offerings this doesn't seem at first glance to aim to
be a DSLR camera in disguise, and it isn't and doesn't, it's not an
EVIL camera at all, and indeed looks more like a classic
compact style camera. But looks can be deceptive, for the camera is a modern version of the classic Olympus Pen F
interchangeable lens half-frame film camera's of the 1960's to
1980's, and alongside rangefinders one of the original alternatives
to SLR cameras with the ability to change lenses when needed.
Olympus
have a long history of producing small cameras, most of which are
well known and some of which have become classic cameras of the
1950's to mid 1980's film era. The 35mm OM
series of SLR's, the XA rangefinders, and the half-frame Pen's
including the interchangeable lens Pen F variants.
Designed
to be as small as practicable using current components the E-P1 is
effectively an Olympus E-620/E-30 DSLR squeezed into a smaller metal
covered body, and featuring a 720p HD movie capture
mode - 1280x720 at 30fps saved in m-jpeg format - is as much a
contender in the alternative-to-a-DSLR stakes as any other compact
type camera, more so in may ways because of the combination of the
larger sensor and the ability to change lenses, with two adapters
being made that will allow the use of almost any Olympus Zuiko lens
ever made, either the current 4/3rds system types or the older 35mm
film OM
ones.
Although the sensor
seems to be the same 12.3mp live MOS one as used in current Olympus
DSLR's image processing has been improved with the
use of a lighter anti-alias (low-pass) filter than previous cameras
combined with a new TruePic V processor, which apparently removes
any moire at high frequencies i.e. high resolution without colour
fringing. Whilst being quite a bit smaller than the Olympus E450
DSLR, the smallest DSLR currently produced, it also manages to
incorporate an anti-shake sensor which the E450 doesn't possess. However
it's not all good news. As is often the case something has to give
when any attempt to squeeze a quart into a pint pot is made, and in
this case it's what missing that's of concern.
One of the main desires of those wishing for
a small sized, large sensor camera, is the ability to be able to use
it easily and discreetly, and these objectives are harder to achieve
with a camera that has no optical finder - you have to use the rear
LCD screen for any type of capture, still or movie, nor is there
any built-in flash capability. An add-on viewfinder and flashgun
will be available but these tend to offset the discrete and pocket-able
aspects which such cameras are bought for, as well as markedly
increasing the overall cost.
Personally
we can't see the point at all in a camera like this that doesn't
have either a viewfinder of some kind, optical or electronic, nor a
built-in flash, and these factors may
eventually outweigh the advantages the camera has in other areas for
those who may be attracted to a camera of this general size and
design.
Nikon
D5000 v Canon 500D
With
several reviews now around, the contest
between the two latest HD video enabled 'consumer level' DSLR's from
Nikon and Canon would seem to indicate that it's about equal on
points, and that one doesn't have any significant advantage over
another in general. What is also clear is that the increased
resolution of the 500D - 15mp against the D5000's 12.3mp - doesn't
bring any real benefit but does seem to hamper it's DR, the
highlight range being significantly less.
Of
the two the Nikon D5000 is seen as the better camera in general
terms, but suffers from it's digicam type control layout, whilst the lower
resolution bottom hinged 'flip & twist' rear screen is
considered a mixed blessing and a bit of a fudge. The much higher
resolution fixed screen of the 500D being generally preferred along
with the superior control layout.
Once
again it serves to illustrate that these days the differences
between various camera makes and models isn't either as great or as
significant as it once was just a few years back, it's all swings
and roundabouts with no one model having a clear and decisive
advantage over another, and that the
decision as to which camera to buy is often decided by factors such
as the current system used or the memory card type.
Panasonic
issues firmware updates for 'battery safety'
Panasonic has
released some firmware updates for a growing number of its latest
digital cameras, including the GH1, G1, ZS3 and TS1, which has
resulted in a growing backlash from it's camera users. When
installed the new firmware can identify genuine Panasonic batteries
and prevents the use of any third party battery packs. The company
says it has taken this move to ensure the safety of its digital
camera users against any possible injuries because of overcharging,
internal heating, or short circuit, in poorly
designed/manufactured/substandard third-party batteries.
Whilst this seems on
the face of it sensible move it has caused something of a furore amongst
current and potential Panasonic users and at present it stands
accused by many of trying to control the market for spare batteries
for it's cameras. What is perhaps worse is that whilst current Panasonic
camera users have the simple option of not loading this update if
they don't want to, it's not clear as to whether all future production
models will include such
'battery safety' firmware as default giving new purchasers no option
but to accept this restriction.
Many camera users
can't see what all the fuss is about and consider it's simply down
to money, the desire not to pay the higher cost of 'proper' makers batteries against the
cheaper generic versions made by battery makers themselves, and feel
people should take the cost of spare/replacement batteries into
account when weighing up which camera to purchase and stop whingeing
and whining.
Were it that simple.
The cost factor is only one part of the equation. The greater issue is that once
makers have sole control over the manufacture, supply, and use of
batteries, then they also control camera obsolescence. Once they
decide not to make a particular battery type any longer - and the
battery shapes/sizes are being changed/upgraded on a regular basis -
then the cameras that use that particular shape/size/capacity effectively
become time-use limited and face being obsolete once the current
battery no longer holds an effective charge.
Unfortunately, as we
have often pointed out in this respect - see our page on Batteries
- this is a problem that affects many digital camera users
whatever the particular camera make. Only those cameras which use
AA's are currently exempt from this potential problem.
New
Mamiya digital backs
Following
the recent news that Phase One had taken a controlling share of the
medium format camera maker Mamiya comes the announcement of three
new Mamiya M series digital backs for the 645AFDIII medium format
camera. The M18, M22, and M31 backs are based respectively around
18mp, 22.1mp, and 31.6mp sensors and incorporate 2.2" LCD's
featuring a live preview mode.
The
M18 has 9µm (micron) pixels on a 44.2mm x 33.1mm sized sensor, the
M22 also has 9µm pixels on a larger 48.9mm x 36.7mm sensor,
whilst the M31 has 6.8µm pixels on a same size sensor (44.2mm x
33.1mm) as the M18. Why there are different sensor sizes with the
largest sensor resolution on the smaller size, or even two only
slightly different resolutions on different sized sensors we don't
quite know, it seems a bit illogical to us.
Of
course the advantage of these backs over the current high resolution
FF DSLR's from Canon, Nikon and Sony is that the pixel sites are
quite a bit larger, producing lower noise and wider DR levels. Anyway,
each digital back can either be purchased separately or as part of a
645AFDIII system camera kit which includes a Sekor 80mm F2.8D
lens. No prices are yet available.
Phase One in Leaf
assets buyout
In a move that looks
like a further consolidation of the medium format sector, Phase One
have revealed that in conjunction with managers of medium format
maker Leaf they are in the process of buying the key elements of the
business from owners Kodak. The research, development, and
production capabilities along with the brand rights will be acquired
by a new company, Leaf Imaging Ltd, which is 100% owned by Phase
One, and will have licensed access to Kodak's intellectual property
portfolio. The Leaf Aptus range of digital backs will continue to be
made and developed by the new company, but the AFi-II camera system
will not initially be sold.
This
seems like another move in the direction whereby medium format
makers are attempting to consolidate their position so that all the
various factors surrounding the design, development and manufacture
of the cameras they produce are under their direct control rather
than the previous system of using outside contractors that existed for so
long in the film camera era, but which has caused much grief lately
in the digital era when key individual contractors have gone to the
wall.
DSLR
Lenses - Superzooms
v twin-lens combo
We've
just read yet another superzoom comparison test, this time between
the Canon 18-200mm EFS IS and Tamron's 18-270mm Di II VC LD. Once
again the final verdict seems to be the same. The lenses are quite
good for what they are and the focal lengths they span using the
very latest optical standards, but at the end
of the day you pay for the convenience of an all-in-one lens with a
reduction in image quality, and at some cost money-wise.
A
twin lens set-up, like say a 18-55mm/55-250 EFS combo from Canon, may be seen
as less convenient than a superzoom spanning the same focal range
owing to the need to swap lenses as required, but will cost far
less, since the telephoto will cost on average half of the
superzoom, and the shorter focal length lens will probably already
exist having come with the DSLR purchased. More
to the point the two lenses will each produce better image quality
across their respective focal ranges because of the fewer optical
compromises needed compared to a superzoom, which needs to have it's
aperture stopped down more by comparison, and
this factor always seems to be mentioned at the end of any superzoom
test.
Another
point that is rarely mentioned however, is that despite how much
smaller current superzooms are than early examples, they are still
fairly big and bulky, especially when zoomed out to maximum
telephoto length, are considerably bigger/longer/bulkier than say a
55-250mm at maximum telephoto, and much more so than a simple
18-55mm when used at the shorter focal lengths. And despite
appearances aren't quite as versatile either. They can't focus as
close at any respective (true) focal length, and thus don't give the
magnification ratio's the separate lenses can.
Yes,
superzooms appear on the face of it to be very convenient, but this
is paid for in a variety of ways, some of which aren't always as
obvious as others.
More
details on various aspects of lenses in general and DSLR lenses in
particular can be found in our Lenses
pages section
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